Hydraulic checking hinge



Jan. 3, 1950 H. s. DIEBEL 2,493,117

HYDRAULI C CHECKING HINGE Filed Aug. 19, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. I.

EOR

I" II|I HENRY. S. DIEBEL ATTORNEY Jan. 3, 1950 I H. s. DIEBEL 2,493,117

HYbRAULIC CHECKING HINGE Fil ed Aug. 19, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 33 IATTORNEY Patented Jan. 3, 1950 UNl'FE-D STATi ES:

HYDRAULIGLCHEOKINGcHINGE Henry.S.,Diebel,.Downey, Califi, assignor to G2G. Bakewell, Pasadena; Calif.

ApplicationAugust 19, 1946;;Serial- No; 691,559."

vention which. will .-be=described'-bel0W,-: and will.

be understood from-the description and the ac-. companyingdrawings inwhich :;v

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view .partlyimsectionshowing apreferred.formsotthe hydraulic check.- ing. hinge of my inventiom Fig. 2is atopview 'ofmy checking hinge,=show-- ing the attachment-t thehingeleaves: to-.a=door and to a doorframe;..

Fig: 3 is a'crossesectionalview taken-,on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig;. i is. a cross-.sectionaluviewitaken on the line 4-4 of .Figgl Fig.5. is a cross-sectional..viewwtakenon the line 55 of Fig.1;

Fig. 6 is a.cross-sectionalviewsimilar to Fig.4, but with the hingeleaves:-partly .open; and

Fig. 7 is a .-crossesectional..viewl-takenon the line 'l-'l of. Fig. 3.-

Referring: to. the-drawings, the hydraulic checking hinge Elconsists..of:.a:.casing..II having a cylindrical cavity andan..attached,or vintegral leaf l2, with countersunkscrewzholes 13 forattaching the leai tolthe door frameqF. A hinge pin-l4 is mountedin thecavity, thehinge pin being pivotedv in the-bearing. I5 .in theibottom.of the casing II. A .pair ofasleevesbearings -IB :is provided at,the..upper end. ofwthe. cavity, .being held in place by.the-closure..bushing.-. I! .which is screw-threaded intothe top of the.cavity.- A rubber-like seal-ing...ring i8 is provided in the spacebetween the ends of the sleeve bearings l6 adapted to prevent anyleakage=-of hydraulic fluid. up the hinge. pin, 1 4... A: reservoir. cupI 9 1 is provided in the upper end ofithe. cavity below the closurebushing l1, locking rings and 2| being provided'to-hol'd the reservoir'cup in position. Below the reservoinzcup. I9 is provideda segmentalpartition -member: or.:.-dam 22 whose radial ends formthe end. wallszofaaworkingch'am- 2. ber..23-for. thehydraulic piston. 24 whichisatwtachedtothe hinge pin .14 within. theworking chamber. Thesegmentalpartition member or damazzrisl preferablymade integrally withthe casing; H. The reservoir .cup .l9 is positioned radially bymeans..of the .dowel pin 25in corre-' spondingholes. inthe-dam andthjereservoir cup, Thefiowcof hydraulic-liquidfrom one side of the piston.24 to the. other. during the movement "of the piston inthe,workingchamber is controlled by variable constricted conduits to givethe se-" lected effects upon the door opening and closing.

The upper end-of the hinge pin I4 is provided with an axial hole 26inwhich. the metering pin 2'! slides, the upper portion of the hole 26being.

. pin'ld'leadingiromone'side of thepiston .24to

the other. Byadjusting the position of the meter-- ing pin 21 relativeto the hole 33, the -,hydraulic friction-of the hydraulic liquid passingthrough this hole may be regulated; Also a one+wayconduit St is providedthroughthe hinge pin [4 within the working; chamber 23, this one-way'conduit having agseatedjbail 35 and retainer -36theref0r whichpermitsthe liquid to flow'freely'from one side .of thepiston to the other, butshuts "oft-the flow whenthe movement is in-the opposite 'direc-' tion:

The reservoir. :cup "l 9 is hydraulicallyconnected to the workingchamber by two check-valved ori-.' fices 3'! which permit the "hydraulicfluid to flow from, the reservoir into the working chamberion eithersideof the piston but prevent it. from flow: ing in the oppositedirection. The hydraulic liquid in the reservoir is non-pressured and inthe 'eventthatany hydraulic liquid leaks out of the working-chamber,- it'is replenished from the reservoir'when-a-reduced pressure results inthe working chamber on one side of the piston from the rotary movementof the-piston." The lower surface of-the-reservoircup serves as the uppr wall of the =working- 'cham'ber 23. This surface within the workingchamber is provided with a groove or grooves of various sizes whichaffect the hydraulic friction at diflerent angular positions of thepiston. As shown, the groove 38 starting from the open position of thehinge is large enough in cross-sectional area so that substantially nohydraulic friction is introduced in the initial movement of thehydraulic piston 24 from the open position of the hinge. As the pistonapproaches the closed hinge position, a tapered constricted groove 39 isprovided for a few degrees of rotation to retard the movement, and asthe hinge (and the door) approaches complete closing, the unrestrictedgroove 40 is provided, so that the energy from a closing force willcause the attached door to close completely into the latch. In theopposite direction of movement of the piston, the hydraulic liquid flowsfreely through the one-way conduit 34 so that the grooves in thereservoir bottom do not affect the hydraulic friction in the openingdirection of movement. As noted above, the reservoir cup l9, includingthe bottom thereof which serves as a closing wall for the workingchamber, is readily removed and replaced by taking out the closurebushing II and the locking rings 20 and 2|. This arrangement permitschanging the reservoir and its grooves 38, 39 and 40, and consequentlychanging the hydraulic friction or checking effect to any desiredposition in the cycle, and to any desired amount. Interchangeablereservoir cups with different by-pass grooving may be provided, so thatthe selected door checking may be had by inserting the proper cup at thetime of original installation, or at any subsequent time.

The other leaf 4! which is usually attached to the edge of the door D byscrew holes I3, is provided with a split hub member 42 having an axialhole 43 adapted to engage the upper end portion of the hinge pin it.Clamp screws 44 are provided in the hub member 42 to hold itnon-rotatably on the hinge pin 14. A closing cap 45 may be provided tocover the knurled adjusting knob 28 of the metering pin.

I claim:

1. In an hydraulic checking hinge, two hinge leaves, an hydrauliccylinder attached to one of said leaves, a fixed partition defining asegmental working space in said cylinder, a rotary piston in saidworking space, a shaft for said rotary piston rotating therewith andattached to the other hinge leaf, a closing end wall for said workingspace adjacent the end sliding surface of said piston, a non-pressuredliquid reservoir adjacent said cylinder having one-way conduits to saidcylinder adapted at times to deliver hydraulic liquid to one or theother side of said piston, said shaft serving as a hinge pin, grooves insaid end closing wall adapted to convey hydraulic liquid with variabledegrees of frictional resistance from one side of the piston to anopposite side, whereby to control the resistance to movement of saidhinge at selected positions.

2. In an hydraulic checking hinge, two hinge leaves, an hydrauliccylinder attached to one of said leaves, a fixed partition defining asegmental working space in said cylinder, a rotary piston in saidworking space, a shaft for said rotary piston rotating therewith andattached to the other hinge leaf, an interchangeable liquid reservoirdisposed adjacent said cylinder and having its bottom wall forming apiston-contacting surface within said working space, one-way conduitsbetween said reservoir and said cylinder, said oneway conduits beingdisposed to at times admit liquid to said cylinder from said reservoiron one or the other side of said piston, said shaft serving as a hingepin, a one-way liquid passage through said piston adapted to conveyfluid from one side of said piston to an opposite side within theworking space, and a tapering groove in said bottom wall adapted toby-pass hydraulic liquid around said piston under varying degrees ofliquid resistance.

3. In an hydraulic hinge having hinge leaves operating on a hinge pinand a concentric hydraulic cylinder attached to one of said leaves andprovided with an internal working space, with a rotary piston movable insaid working space; an interchangeable non-pressured liquid reservoiradapted to be placed adjacent said cylinder and forming one wallthereof, one-way conduits between said reservoir and said cylinder, saidone-Way conduits being adapted to at times admit hydraulic liquid tosaid cylinder from said reservoir on one or the other side of saidpiston, the outside face of the wall of said reservoir being providedwith groove means disposed in positions to be passed over by saidpiston, said groove means having varying crosssectional areas and beingadapted to control the hydraulic friction in passing liquid from oneside of said piston to the other.

4. In an hydraulic checking hinge having hinge leaves and an hydrauliccylinder and piston arrangement to control the hydraulic friction, aremovable interchangeable liquid reservoir adjacent said cylinder,one-way conduits between said reservoir and said cylinder, said one-wayconduits being disposed to at times admit liquid to said cylinder fromsaid reservoir on one or the other side of said piston, a one-way fluidpassage through said shaft adapted to convey fluid from one side of saidpiston to an opposite side within the cylinder, and means including agroove having different cross-sectional areas at different positionslinearly of said groove in the contact surface between said piston andthe bottom of said reservoir, for varying the hydraulic friction in saidhinge.

5. In an hydraulic checking hinge having a cylinder, a shaft, a fixedpartition, and a rotary piston, with the shaft serving as a hinge pin, aone-way check-valved fluid passage in said shaft adapted to convey fluidfrom one side of said piston to an opposite side, and means includingby-pass grooves in a contact surface passed over by said rotary piston,at least one of said grooves being of tapered conformation to graduallycheck the movement of said piston in a part of its stroke in the closingdirection.

6. In an hydraulic checking hinge having a cylinder, a shaft, a fixedpartition, and a rotary piston, with the shaft serving as a hinge pin, aone-way check-valved fluid passage in said shaft adapted to convey fluidfrom one side of said piston to an opposite side, and by-pass grooves ina removable member constituting a portion of the contact surface passedover by said rotary piston.

HENRY S. DIEBEL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,837,716 Johnsen Dec. 22, 19312,159,067 Weiser May 23, 1939 2,216,695 Potter Oct. 1, 1940

